Relationship between empathy, compassion and Burnout in medical students, residents and medical professionals in Medellin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22335/rlct.v14i3.1644Keywords:
empathy, compassion, Burnout, Physicians, medical studentsAbstract
Physicians are exposed to high levels of work pressure, which leads to a higher risk of Burnout. Empathy is the cognitive and affective recognition of a person's state of mind and situation. Compassion is a response to the recognition of the patient's suffering and the desire to reduce it. Objectives: to explore the relationship between empathy, compassion and Burnout in medical students and professionals and other variables related to the syndrome. Method: 143 physicians and students answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the MBI, the TECA, and the Compassionate Commitment and Action Scale. Results: 41.9 % showed high levels of emotional exhaustion, 21 % depersonalization and 19.5 % low levels of accomplishment. Burnout levels were negatively associated with the perception of balance between social, family and work life, compassion and age; F(5, 92) = 11.012, p < 0.00; (p < 0.05). Emotional fatigue interrupted the development of behaviors related to self-compassion and confirmed the perception of success. Conclusions: For physicians to have optimal levels of affective empathy and compassion, the development of cognitive empathy and emotional regulation skills is essential. These are protective factors for Burnout.
Downloads
References
Altman, T., y Roth, M. (2021). The risk of empathy: longitudinal associations between empathy and Burnout. Psychology & Health, 31 (12), 1441-1460. https://doi.org/ttps://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2020.1838521
Buffone, A. E., Poulin, M., DeLury, S., Ministero, L., Morrisson, C., y Scalco, M. (2017). Don't walk in her shoes! Different forms of perspective taking affect stress physiology. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 72, 161-168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2017.04.001
Cameron, R. A., Mazer, B. L., DeLuca, J. M., Mohile, S. G., y Epstein, R. M. (2015). In search of compassion: A new taxonomy of compassionate physician behaviours. Health Expectations: An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care & Health Policy, 18(5), 1672-1685. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.12160
Carlin, M., y Garcés de los Fayos Ruiz, E. J. (2010). El síndrome de Burnout: Evolución histórica desde el contexto laboral al ámbito deportivo. Anales de Psicología, 26(1), 169-180.
Davalos-Batallas, V., Vargas-Martínez, A. M., Bonilla-Sierra, P., León-Larios, F., Lomas-Campos, M. D., Vaca-Gallegos, S. L., y de Diego-Cordero, R. (2020). Compassionate Engagement and Action in the Education for Health Care Professions: A Cross-Sectional Study at an Ecuadorian University. International Journal of Enviromental Research and Public Health, 17(15): 5425. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155425
Delgado, S., González, D., y Tejero, R. (2014). El burNout como forma de estrés laboral y su dimensión forense. Revista cubana de salud y trabajo, 14(1), 51-66.
Figley, C. (2002). Compassion fatigue: Psychotherapists' chronic lack of self care. J. Clin. Psychol., 58(11), 1433-1441. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.10090
Gil-Monte, P. (2001). El síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (síndrome de Burnout): aproximaciones teóricas para su explicación y recomendaciones para la intervención. Revista PsicologiaCientifica.com, 3(5).
Grau, A., Flichtentrei, D., Suñer, R., Prats, M., y Braga, F. (2009). Influencia de factores personales, profesionales y transnacionales en el síndrome de Burnout en personal sanitario hispanoamericano y español. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 83(2), 215-230.
Guevara, C., Henao, D., y Herrera, J. (2004). Síndrome de desgaste profesional en médicos internos y residentes. Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali. Colombia Médica, 35(4), 173-178.
Halbesleben, J., y Rathert, C. (2008). Linking physician Burnout and patient outcomes: exploring the dyadic relationship between physicians and patients. Health Care Manage Rev., 33(1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.HMR.0000304493.87898.72
Hernández, R., Fernández, C., y Baptista, P. (2014). Metodología de la investigación (6.a ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Kamal, A., Bull, J. H., Wolf, S. P., Swetz, K. M., Shanafelt, T. D., Ast, K., Kavalieratos, D., y Sinclair, C. T. (2020). Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout Among Hospice and Palliative Care Clinicians in the U.S. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 59(5), 6-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.10.020
Kroll, H., Macaulay, T., y Jesse, M. (2016). A Preliminary Survey Examining Predictors of Burnout in Pain Medicine Physicians in the United States. Pain Physician, 19(5), 689-696.
Lamothe, M., Boujut, E., Zenasni, F., y Sultan, S. (2014). To be or not to be empathic: the combined role of empathic concern and perspective taking in understanding Burnout in general practice. BMC Family Practice, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2296-15-15
López-Pérez, B., Fernández-Pinto, I., y Abad, F. J. (2008). TECA. Test de Empatía Cognitiva y Afectiva. Tea Ediciones, S.A
Maslach, C., y Jackson, S. E. (1981). MBI: Maslach Burnout inventory. University of California, Consulting Psychologists Press.
Montero Yaya, K. L., Cortés Olarte, G. A., y Hernández González, Á. U. (2020). Síndrome del Burnout en policías de Colombia y su relación con el sistema de beneficios e incentivos. Revista Logos Ciencia & Tecnología, 12(2), 32-43. https://doi.org/10.22335/rlct.v12i2.1161
O'Donnell, E. P., Humeniuk, K., West, C. P., y Tilburt, J. C. (2015). The effects of fatigue and dissatisfaction on how physicians perceive their social responsibilities. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 90(2), 194-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.12.011
Ortega Ruiz, C., y López Ríos, F. (2004). Burnout o síndrome de estar quemado en los profesionales sanitarios: revisión y perspectivas. International Journal of Clinical And Health Psychology, 4(1), 137-160.
Picard, J., Catu-Pinault, A., Boujut, E., Botella, M., Jaury, P., y Zenasni, F. (2016). Burnout, empathy and their relationships: a qualitative study with residents in General Medicine. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 21(3), 354-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2015.1054407
Reinolds, M., McCombie, A., Jeffery, M., Mulder, R., y Frizelle, F. (2021). Impact of Burnout on empathy. The New Zeland Medical Journal, 134 (1530), 12-20.
Rubio, J. C. (2003). Fuentes de estrés, Síndrome de Burnout y actitudes disfuncionales en orientadores de institutos de enseñanza secundaria [tesis doctoral, Universidad de Extremadura]. Repositorio institucional UNEX. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaites?codigo=1494
Sinclair, S., Norris, J. M., McConnell, S. J., Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T., Hagen, N., McClement, S., y Bouchal, S. (2016). Compassion: a scoping review of the healthcare literature. BMC Palliative Care, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-016-0080-0
Stosic, M. D., Blanch-Hartigan, D., Aleksanyan, T., Duenas, J. y Ruben, M. A. (2022). Empathy, friend or foe? Untangling the relationship between empathy and Burnout in helping professions. The Journal of Social Psychology, 162(1), 89-108. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2021.1991259
von Harscher, H., Dasmarais, N., Dollinger, R., Grossman, S., y Aldana, S. (2018). The impact of empathy on Burnout in medical students: new findings. Psychol Health Med., 23(3), 295-303. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2017.1374545
Wilkinson, H., Whittington, R., Perry, L., y Eames, C. (2017). Examining the relationship between Burnout and empathy in healthcare professionals: A systematic review. Burnout Research, 6, 18-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.06.003
Williams, E. S., Manwell, L., Konrad, T. R., y Linzer, M. (2007). The relationship of organizational culture, stress, satisfaction, and Burnout with physician-reported error and suboptimal patient care: results from the MEMO study. Health Care Manage Rev., 32(3), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.HMR.0000281626.28363.59
Yu, J., y Kirk, M. (2009). Evaluation of empathy measurement tools in nursing Systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(9), 1790-1806. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05071.x
Yue, Z., Qin, Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., Nicholas, S., Maitland, E., y Liu, C. (2022). Empathy and Burnout in medical staff: mediating role of job satisfaction and job commitment. BMC public health, 22(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13405-4
Zenasni, F., Boujut, E., Woerner, A., y Sultan, S. (2012). Burnout and empathy in primary care: Three hypotheses. British Journal of General Practice, 62(600), 346-347. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp12X652193
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 2022-12-10 (3)
- 2022-11-28 (2)
- 2022-10-10 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Logos Ciencia & Tecnología
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This journal provides free and immediate access to its content (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode#languages), under the principle that making research available to the public free of charge supports greater global knowledge exchange. This means that the authors transfer the Copyrights to the journal, so that the material can be copied and distributed by any means, as long as the authors’ recognition is maintained, and the articles are not commercially used or modified in any way.
